隨著數(shù)據(jù)中心、地鐵、高鐵、變電站等重點(diǎn)場(chǎng)所對(duì)消防系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)速度、滅火效率與環(huán)境友好度要求不斷提升，傳統(tǒng)滅火方式面臨水損大、電氣風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高等局限。作為一種新興的高效滅火技術(shù)，細(xì)水霧滅火系統(tǒng)憑借其出色的冷卻、抑火與環(huán)保性能，正被廣泛應(yīng)用于多行業(yè)場(chǎng)景。
江西劍安消防為您全面解析細(xì)水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的工作原理與核心優(yōu)勢(shì)，助力項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)、系統(tǒng)選型與技術(shù)評(píng)估。
細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)
精細(xì)霧化，高效滅火
細(xì)水霧滅火系統(tǒng)是通過高壓泵或氣驅(qū)裝置將水壓升至8-16 MPa（兆帕），經(jīng)過專用霧化噴頭將水霧化成10-100μm（微米）的小顆粒，從而形成具有高能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率的“細(xì)水霧云團(tuán)”，實(shí)現(xiàn)快速滅火。
| 系統(tǒng)類型 | 驅(qū)動(dòng)方式 | 霧滴粒徑 | 工作壓力范圍 | 典型應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 高壓細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng) | 電動(dòng)/柴油泵 | 10~100μm | 8~16MPa | 數(shù)據(jù)中心、變電站、機(jī)房 |
| 低壓細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng) | 壓縮氣體驅(qū)動(dòng) | 50~200μm | 0.8~1.6MPa | 廚房設(shè)備、電梯井、交通工具 |
江西劍安消防提供多類型細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)方案，可按項(xiàng)目需求定制。
細(xì)水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的五大核心滅火機(jī)理
快速冷卻吸熱
細(xì)水霧粒徑越小，其表面積越大，汽化速度越快，從而迅速吸收火場(chǎng)熱量、快速降溫。下表說明了不同粒徑水滴的汽化性能差異：
| 霧滴直徑 | 每升水表面積 | 汽化時(shí)間 | 自由下落速度 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10μm | 0.6㎡ | 620秒 | 9.2 m/s |
| 1μm | 6.0㎡ | 6.2秒 | 4.0 m/s |
| 0.1μm | 60.0㎡ | 0.062秒 | 0.35 m/s |
| 0.01μm | 600.0㎡ | 0.0062秒 | 0.003 m/s |
系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)后，細(xì)水霧在極短時(shí)間內(nèi)覆蓋整個(gè)防護(hù)區(qū)，迅速帶走火源熱量。
稀釋氧氣，抑制燃燒鏈
霧滴汽化后形成大量水蒸氣，與空氣中氧氣結(jié)合稀釋，降低局部氧濃度。如下圖實(shí)測(cè)所示，在45秒內(nèi)氧濃度降至16%以下，已低于多數(shù)燃燒反應(yīng)的維持下限。
該機(jī)制特別適用于封閉區(qū)域滅火，如通信間、配電房等。
阻隔輻射熱傳播
水蒸氣可吸收和散射火焰釋放的紅外輻射能，形成“輻射屏障”，防止周邊未燃物被點(diǎn)燃。研究表明，霧場(chǎng)厚度越大，輻射熱阻斷效率越高。如下圖示：
| 霧場(chǎng)厚度（cm） | 輻射熱阻斷效率 |
|---|---|
| 10 | 0.08 |
| 30 | 0.18 |
| 40 | 0.24 |
細(xì)水霧適用于電纜橋架區(qū)、燃料倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)間等需阻熱擴(kuò)散的場(chǎng)所。
吸附煙氣顆粒，凈化有毒氣體
火災(zāi)中的傷害往往源于CO等有毒氣體。細(xì)水霧與煙氣顆粒迅速結(jié)合沉降，可顯著降低煙氣毒性、改善能見度、提升逃生與救援效率。
根據(jù)美國(guó)消防協(xié)會(huì)NFPA 750標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：
“超過95%的火災(zāi)死亡原因并非高溫本身，而是煙氣毒害與能見度下降?！?/p>
本系統(tǒng)特別適合公共交通車廂、地下車庫(kù)、圖書館等易煙氣擴(kuò)散場(chǎng)景。
均勻冷卻，保護(hù)財(cái)產(chǎn)與設(shè)備
細(xì)水霧覆蓋均勻，避免設(shè)備表面局部過熱，尤其適用于精密電子設(shè)備及紙張、布料、木材等耐濕性差的區(qū)域。
同時(shí)，系統(tǒng)用水量?jī)H為傳統(tǒng)噴淋的1/10~1/100，降低水漬殘留風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，廣泛應(yīng)用于：
數(shù)據(jù)中心、檔案館、博物館、配電室
技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與性能參數(shù)
| 項(xiàng)目 | 參數(shù)范圍 | 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來源 |
|---|---|---|
| 霧滴粒徑 | 10~100μm | NFPA 750 / GB50370-2005 |
| 工作壓力 | 8 | 企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) + 實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù) |
| 單噴頭覆蓋面積 | 4~16㎡ | 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)驗(yàn) |
| 啟動(dòng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間 | ＜10秒 | 系統(tǒng)配置說明 |
| 用水量（典型滅火時(shí)間60秒內(nèi)） | 15~30L | 與傳統(tǒng)噴淋系統(tǒng)比較測(cè)試結(jié)果 |
江西劍安消防細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)已通過國(guó)家消防產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證（CCCF），滿足行業(yè)工程驗(yàn)收規(guī)范。
典型應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景
Power industry：廣州白云區(qū)220kV變電站電纜夾層保護(hù)，采用高壓細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)，0次誤噴、100%動(dòng)作成功；
數(shù)據(jù)中心：湖南懷化通信運(yùn)營(yíng)商IDC機(jī)房，部署氣驅(qū)細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)“無水損滅火”；
城市軌道交通：上海地鐵風(fēng)道細(xì)水霧系統(tǒng)聯(lián)動(dòng)啟動(dòng)，實(shí)測(cè)降溫時(shí)間<30秒，有效控制初起火源；
江西劍安消防專注于高端滅火系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)與制造，細(xì)水霧產(chǎn)品廣泛應(yīng)用于能源、通信、交通、文博等多個(gè)行業(yè)，為客戶提供從設(shè)計(jì)咨詢到系統(tǒng)部署的一站式服務(wù)。
如您有項(xiàng)目需求，歡迎聯(lián)系我們的技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)獲取詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)方案、配置清單與招標(biāo)技術(shù)文書。
? ? ? ? Among many fire extinguishing agents, Heptafluoropropane gas belongs to colorless, odorless, non-conductive and non-secondary pollution gas, which has the characteristics of cleanliness, low toxicity, good electric insulation and high fire extinguishing efficiency in the fire scene. Heptafluoropropane gas extinguisher adopts 304 stainless steel and carbon steel as the tank, and adopts Heptafluoropropane gas as the extinguishing agent. Through the Heptafluoropropane gas extinguishers, fire detectors, gas extinguishing controllers, acoustic and visual alarms, alarm bells, bleeder indicator lights, emergency start/stop buttons, and other related system components, Jian'an Firefighting can help the enterprise users to set up the Heptafluoropropane gas extinguishing system.
(i) Product characteristics of Heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishers
General.Heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguisherIt is mainly composed of storage tank body, storage bottle group frame, gas check valve, manifold, control valve, elbow, reducer elbow, flange, safety valve, pressure signal transmitter and other components. At present, sevoflurane gas extinguishers on the market mainly use pipe network type, cabinet type and hanging type three kinds, and its on-site delivery distance is within 30 meters, and there is also a kind of external storage pressure sevoflurane gas extinguishers, and its delivery distance can reach 150 meters. In terms of extinguishing characteristics, Heptafluoropropane gas extinguisher adopts Heptafluoropropane gas as the extinguishing agent, which is overall neat and environmentally friendly, has good cleanliness, completely vaporizes in the atmosphere without residue, has good electrical insulation and high extinguishing efficiency.
? ? ? ? (ii) Precautions for Heptafluoropropane gas extinguishers
In Heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishers, it is necessary to focus on the daily maintenance and inspection of container valves, manifolds, control valves, check valves, nozzles and valve actuators, and it is necessary to ensure that the conditions of the protective zone and the setting conditions of the extinguishing agent storage bottles are consistent with the design. Before starting to extinguish the fire, it is necessary to carefully check that the external surface of the heptafluoropropane gas extinguisher has no obvious deformation and damage, the surface coating is intact, while the interface threads and flange sealing surface are not damaged. As for the storage cylinder, the cylinder must be filled with Heptafluoropropane gas in accordance with the design requirements before installation, and the pressure surface on the head valve is installed towards the operation surface, while the installation height and direction need to be consistent.
The above is about the product characteristics and precautions of Heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguisher, which can be widely used in machine rooms, data centers, telecommunication projects, medical equipment, industrial equipment, archives, libraries, museums, distribution stations, flammable liquid storage tanks and other places with outstanding fire extinguishing advantages.
? ? ? ? As they say, fire and water have no mercy, China's manufacturing industry is booming, a variety of factories are also very much, and these places are frequent fires, firefighters are ready to go, in the new era, the progress of science and technology has led to the updating of fire-fighting equipment, and today we would like to introduce a special fire-fighting materials - thermal aerosols; thermal aerosol fire-fighting Device currently in the oil and gas, transportation, emergency rescue, power information and other industries have a wide range of uses. So, hot aerosols in which industry will be used more often?
? ?Electrical switchgear plant usage
? ? ? ? For power workers, every day we have to face a lot of power equipment, such as some substation room, transformer room, battery room, etc., these places are not allowed to be a little bit of flashbacks, fire prevention measures to be done to the utmost, leakage discharge may cause sparks can cause power fires, but the power fires can not be used in the traditional way of extinguishing the fire, but also may be damage to the equipment, so the fire extinguishing device made of hot aerosol is It can automatically start, and no damage to equipment, low maintenance costs, high security.
? ? ? ? Cable Tunnel Site Usage
Power industry includes many scenarios, power cable is an indispensable part of the power plant, substation, our daily use of the cable, although good waterproof performance, corrosion resistance, long service life, but the fire performance is not so superior, the cable fire is still very harmful, and many cables are placed in a ditch, the cable ditch space is small, there are a variety of hidden dangers, hot aerosol fire extinguishing device automatic The automatic start of the hot aerosol fire extinguishing device can play a big role.
Thermal aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device in the power industry in the utility of far more than these aspects, in some insulated oil reservoirs, turbine oil reservoirs, hot aerosol fire extinguishing is also one of our good choices. In fact, what industry can not be separated from the power, now more fires in favor of industrial fires, and the power industry scene is more complex, in order to reduce the loss of power equipment, hot aerosols and other new generation of fire extinguishing devices will play a greater role.